{"id":1118,"date":"2018-04-30T02:21:58","date_gmt":"2018-04-29T18:21:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.brofive.org\/?p=1118"},"modified":"2018-04-30T02:26:03","modified_gmt":"2018-04-29T18:26:03","slug":"pcie%e3%80%81m-2%e3%80%81u-2%e3%80%81ahci%e5%92%8cnvme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/?p=1118","title":{"rendered":"PCIe\u3001M.2\u3001U.2\u3001AHCI\u548cNVMe"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5916\u8bbe\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u2026 \u5217\u51fa\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u8fd8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PCIe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\uff1aPeripheral Component Interconnect Express\uff0c\u66ff\u6362PCI\u3001PCI-X\u3001AGP\u7b49\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Various slots on a computer motherboard, from top to bottom: PCI Express \u00d74 PCI\u3001Express \u00d716\u3001PCI Express \u00d71\u3001PCI Express \u00d716\u3001Conventional PCI (32-bit, 5 V)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822cGPU\u662fPCIe X16<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822cSSD\u662fPCIe X4\uff0cOptane \u5c31\u662fPCIe X 4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7f51\u5361\u662fPCIe X1<\/span><\/p>\n

PCIe\u5728\u5f62\u6001\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u534a\u9ad8\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7528\u4e8e1U\u7684\u673a\u7bb1\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8eFlash\u5361\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001M.2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\uff1aNext Generation Form Factor (NGFF)\uff0c\u66ff\u6362mSATA\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\uff0c\u548cU.2\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528PCIe MiniCard\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u652f\u6301AHCI\u548cNVMe\u63a7\u5236\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8eSSD\u3001NFC\u3001WIFI\u3001BT\u7b49\u8bbe\u5907<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"clip_image002\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

A size comparison of an mSATA SSD (left) and an M.2 2242 SSD (right)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001U.2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a formerly known as SFF-8639, is a computer interface for connecting SSDs to a computer. It uses up to four PCI Express lanes\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u662fSATA Express\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u4e0d\u652f\u6301NVMe<\/span><\/p>\n

\"clip_image003\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001AHCI\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u63a5\u53e3\uff1aAdvanced Host Controller Interface\u3002Intel\u53d1\u660e\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406SATA\u8bbe\u5907\u3002 AHCI gives software developers and hardware designers a standard method for detecting, configuring, and programming SATA\/AHCI adapters. AHCI is separate from the SATA 3 Gbit\/s standard, although it exposes SATA’s advanced capabilities<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001NVMe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u63a5\u53e3\uff1aNon-Volatile Memory Host Controller Interface Specification (NVMHCIS) \u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u975e\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u5916\u8bbe\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cNVM Express allows host hardware and software to fully exploit the levels of parallelism possible in modern SSDs. As a result, NVM Express reduces I\/O overhead and brings various performance improvements relative to previous logical-device interfaces, including multiple, long command queues, and reduced latency\u3002\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u9886\u57df\uff0cNVMe\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362AHCI<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"clip_image005\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08queue depth\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u578b\u6216\u8005\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bbe\u5907\uff08SSD\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u78c1\u76d8\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u652f\u6301\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982100\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u964d\u4f4eIO\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684IOPS\u3002\u800cAHCI\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5f88\u5dee\u3002Some HDDs will improve in performance as the number of outstanding IOs (i.e. queue depth) increases. This is usually the result of more advanced controller logic on the drive performing command queuing and reordering commonly called either Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ) or Native Command Queuing (NCQ). Most commodity SATA drives either cannot do this, or their implementation is so poor that no performance benefit can be seen. Enterprise class SATA drives, such as the Western Digital Raptor and Seagate Barracuda NL will improve by nearly 100% with deep queues. High-end SCSI drives more commonly found in servers, generally show much greater improvement, with the Seagate Savvio exceeding 400 IOPS\u2014more than doubling its performance. The specific number of IOPS possible in any system configuration will vary greatly, depending upon the variables the tester enters into the program, including the balance of read and write operations, the mix of sequential and random access patterns, the number of worker threads and queue depth, as well as the data block sizes. There are other factors which can also affect the IOPS results including the system setup, storage drivers, OS background operations etc. Also, when testing SSDs in particular, there are preconditioning considerations that must be taken into account<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PCI_Express<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NVM_Express<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M.2<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.2<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/154327322_623886<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5916\u8bbe\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u2026 \u5217\u51fa\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u8fd8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd \u4e00\u3001PCIe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\uff1aPeri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1099,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,128],"tags":[200,202,199,198,201],"views":13484,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1118"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1120,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118\/revisions\/1120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brofive.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}